Ben-essere nell’arco di vita

Titolo Rivista RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
Autori/Curatori Veronica Muffato, Alessandra Cantarella, Erika Borella, Rossana De Beni
Anno di pubblicazione 2015 Fascicolo 2015/1
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 18 P. 175-192 Dimensione file 286 KB
DOI 10.3280/RIP2015-001011
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

A partire dagli anni ’80, con l’emergere della psicologia positiva, l’interesse dei ricercatori non si focalizza piu esclusivamente sulle condizioni di disagio e sofferenza, ma sulle caratteristiche che possono favorire il ben-essere psicologico. Nonostante manchi tutt’ora una definizione univoca del costrutto, appare chiaro che esso e prettamente soggettivo e che e possibile mantenerne buoni livelli anche in condizioni di difficolta, o in una fase di vita che puo essere contrassegnata da perdite, quale l’invecchiamento. Numerose evidenze mostrano, infatti, una relativa stabilita, se non un aumento, dei livelli di ben-essere psicologico in tale fase di vita, fenomeno noto come "paradosso del ben-essere nell’invecchiamento". Non mancano, pero risultati contrastanti, a seconda della metodologia di ricerca adottata e dalla scelta dei fattori considerati come componenti del ben-essere psicologico. Obiettivo del presente lavoro e osservare, in un campione dai 20 agli 89 anni, l’eventuale pattern di stabilita/miglioramento del ben-essere, valutato mediante il questionario Ben-SSC. Tale questionario, investiga tre componenti principali quali la soddisfazione personale, le strategie di coping e le competenze emotive. Congiuntamente e stato somministrato un questionario di Qualita di Vita (WHOQOL-breve). I risultati mostrano un aumento del ben-essere psicologico negli anziani e livelli meno alti per i giovani dai 20 ai 30 anni. Successivamente, attraverso analisi di regressione, vengono esaminati possibili predittori del ben-essere psicologico e delle tre sotto componenti suddette, considerando i quattro fattori del WHOQOL.

Parole chiave:Ben-essere, arco di vita, invecchiamento, differenze d’eta.

  1. McAdams, K.K., Lucas, R.E., & Donnellan, M.B. (2012). The role of domain satisfaction in explaining the paradoxical association between life satisfaction and age. Social indicators research, 109(2), 295-303. DOI: 10.1007/s11205-011-9903-9
  2. Mroczek, D.K., & Spiro III, A. (2005). Change in life satisfaction during adulthood: findings from the veterans affairs normative aging study. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88(1), 189.
  3. Myers, D.G., & Diener, E. (1995). Who is happy?.Psychological science, 6(1), 10-19. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00298.x
  4. Phillips, L.H., Henry, J.D., Hosie, J.A., & Milne, A. B. (2006). Age, anger regulation and well-being. Aging and Mental Health, 10(3), 250-256. DOI: 10.1080/13607860500310385
  5. Rocke, C., Li, S.C., & Smith, J. (2009). Intraindividual variability in positive and negative affect over 45 days: do older adults fluctuate less than young adults?. Psychology and aging, 24(4), 863. DOI: 10.1037/a0016276
  6. Ryff, C.D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology,
  7. 57(6), 1069-1081. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069.Ryff,C.D.(1995).Psychologicalwell-beinginadultlife.Currentdirectionsinpsychologicalscience,99-104.DOI:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10772395
  8. Seligman, M.E P., Steen, T., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410-421. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.410
  9. Seligman, M.E.P. (2002). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Simon and Schuster.
  10. Seligman, M.E.P. (1998). Learned Optimism. New York: Pocket Books. Skevington, S.M., Dehner, S., Gillison, F.B., McGrath, E.J., & Lovell, C.R. (2014). How appropriate is the WHOQOL-BREF for assessing the quality of life of adolescents? Psychology & health, 29(3), 297-317. DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2013.845668
  11. Steca, P. (2005). Il potenziamento delle risorse. Psicologia contemporanea, 190, 19-25.
  12. Stutzer, A., & Frey, B. S. (2006). Does marriage make people happy, or do happy people get married? The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 326-347.
  13. Veenhoven, R. (1997). Advances in understanding happiness. Revue Quebecoise de psychologie, 18(2), 29-74.
  14. Veenhoven, R. (2000). Freedom and happiness: A comparative study in forty-four nations in the early 1990s. Culture and subjective well-being, 257-288.
  15. Ferring, D., Balducci, C., Burholt, V., Wenger, C., Thissen, F., Weber, G., & Hallberg, I. (2004). Life satisfaction of older people in six European countries: Findings from the European study on adult well-being. European Journal of Ageing,1(1), 15-25. DOI: 10.1007/s10433-004-0011-4
  16. Folstein, M.F., Folstein, S.E., & McHugh, P.R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of psychiatric research, 12(3), 189-198. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
  17. Fredrickson, B.L., & Losada, M.F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60(7), 678-88. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.678
  18. Fredrickson, B.L., Grewen, K.M., Coffey, K.A., Algoe, S.B., Firestine, A.M., Arevalo, J.M., & Cole, S.W. (2013). A functional genomic perspective on human well-being. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(33), 13684-13689. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305419110
  19. Freund, A.M., & Baltes, P.B. (1998). Selection, optimization, and compensation as strategies of life management: correlations with subjective indicators of successful aging. Psychology and aging, 13(4), 531-543.
  20. Freund, A.M., & Baltes, P.B. (2002). Life-management strategies of selection, optimization and compensation: Measurement by self-report and construct validity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 82(4), 642-62. DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.82.4.642
  21. Gable, S.L., & Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of general psychology,9(2), 103-110. DOI: 10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.103
  22. Graham, C., Eggers, A., & Sukhtankar, S. (2004). Does happiness pay?: An exploration based on panel data from Russia. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization,55(3), 319-342. DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2003.09.002.Hamarat,E.,Thompson,D.,Steele,D.,Matheny,K.,&Simons,C.(2002).Agedifferencesincopingresourcesandsatisfactionwithlifeamongmiddle-aged,young-old,andoldest-oldadults.TheJournalofgeneticpsychology,163(3),360-367.DOI:10.1080/00221320209598689
  23. John, O.P., & Gross, J.J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of personality, 72(6), 1301-1334. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00298.x
  24. Judge, T.A., & Larsen, R.J. (2001). Dispositional affect and job satisfaction: A review and theoretical extension. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86(1), 67-98. DOI: 10.1006/obhd.2001.2973
  25. Kessler, E.M., & Staudinger, U.M. (2009). Affective experience in adulthood and old age: The role of affective arousal and perceived affect regulation. Psychology and aging, 24(2), 349-62. DOI: 10.1037/a0015352
  26. Keyes, C.L. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: a complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62(2), 95-108. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.2.95
  27. Keyes, C.L. (2010). Flourishing. John Wiley & Sons.
  28. Kunzmann, U., Little, T.D., & Smith, J. (2000). Is age-related stability of subjective well-being a paradox? Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the Berlin Aging Study. Psychology and aging, 15(3), 511-26.
  29. Livingston, G., Minushkin, S., & Cohn, D.V. (2008). Hispanics and health care in the United States: Access, information and knowledge. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.
  30. Lockenhoff, C.E., & Carstensen, L.L. (2004). Socioemotional selectivity theory, aging, and health: The increasingly delicate balance between regulating emotions and making tough choices. Journal of personality, 72(6), 1395-1424. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00301.x
  31. Baird, B.M., Lucas, R.E., & Donnellan, M.B. (2010). Life satisfaction across the lifespan: Findings from two nationally representative panel studies. Social Indicators Research, 99(2), 183-203. DOI: 10.1007/s11205-010-9584-9
  32. Baltes, P.B. (1987). Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline. Developmental psychology, 23(5), 611-626. DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.23.5.611
  33. Baltes, P.B., & Baltes, M.M. (1990). Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation. Successful aging: Perspectives from the behavioral sciences, 1, 1-34. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511665684.003
  34. Baltes, P.B., & Baltes, M.M. (Eds.) (1990). Successful aging: Perspectives from the behavioral sciences (Vol. 4). Cambridge University Press.
  35. Birditt, K.S., & Fingerman, K.L. (2005). Do we get better at picking our battles? Age group differences in descriptions of behavioral reactions to interpersonal tensions. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60(3), 121-128. DOI: 10.1093/geronb/60.3.P121
  36. Carstensen, L.L., Isaacowitz, D.M., & Charles, S.T. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54(3), 165-181. DOI: 10.1037//0003-066X.54.3.165
  37. Charles, S. T. (2010). Strength and vulnerability integration: a model of emotional well-being across adulthood. Psychological bulletin, 136(6), 1068-91. DOI: 10.1037/a0021232
  38. Charles, S.T., Reynolds, C.A., & Gatz, M. (2001). Age-related differences and change in positive and negative affect over 23 years. Journal of personality and social psychology, 80(1), 136-150. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.136
  39. Charles, S., & Carstensen, L.L. (2010). Social and emotional aging. Annual review of psychology, 61, 383-409. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100448
  40. Chida, Y., & Steptoe, A. (2008). Positive psychological well-being and mortality: a quantitative review of prospective observational studies. Psychosomatic medicine, 70(7), 741-756. DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31818105ba
  41. De Beni, R., Borella, E., Carretti, B., Marigo, C., & Nava, L.A. (2008). BAC. Portfolio per la valutazione del Ben-essere e delle abilita cognitive nell’eta adulta e avanzata. Firenze: Giunti OS.
  42. De Girolamo, G., Becchi, M. A., Coppa, F. S., D’Addario, A., Daru, E., De Leo, D., Galassi, L., Manganelli, L., Marson, C., Neri, G., Rucci, P., & Scocco, P. (2001). Il progetto italiano WHOQOL. Una rassegna dei risultati. In G. De Girolamo, M.A. Becchi, F.S. Coppa, D. De Leo, G. Neri, P. Rucci & P. Scocco, Salute e qualita della vita. Torino: Centro Scientifico. Diener, E., & Suh, M.E. (1998). Subjective well-being and age: An international analysis. Springer Publishing Co.
  43. Diener, E., Gohm, C.L., Suh, E., & Oishi, S. (2000). Similarity of the relations between marital status and subjective well-being across cultures. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 31(4), 419-436. DOI: 10.1177/0022022100031004001
  44. Diener, E., Suh, E.M., Lucas, R.E., & Smith, H.L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological bulletin, 125(2), 276-302. DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.125.2.276
  45. English, T., & Carstensen, L.L. (2014). Selective narrowing of social networks across adulthood is associated with improved emotional experience in daily life. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 38(2), 195-202. DOI: 10.1177/0165025413515404
  46. Ferring, D., & Filipp, S.H. (1997). Subjektives Wohlbefinden im Alter: Strukturund Stabilitatsanalysen. Psychologische Beitrage.

  • Stili educativi genitoriali, benessere scolastico e rendimento scolastico in adolescenza Maria Giulia Olivari, Eleonora Mascheroni, Gaia Cuccì, Emanuela Confalonieri, in RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA 1/2019 pp.9
    DOI: 10.3280/RIP2019-001001

Veronica Muffato, Alessandra Cantarella, Erika Borella, Rossana De Beni, Ben-essere nell’arco di vita in "RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA " 1/2015, pp 175-192, DOI: 10.3280/RIP2015-001011